Classification of Methods in Modern Scientific Knowledge Müasir elmi idrakda metodların təsnifatı Принципы классификации методов в современном научном познании

The following criteria are fundamental in the classification of methods:degree of generality and prevalence; specifics of the object being studied; relations existing between the subject and object of knowledge. In the first case, all methods are divided into general, public and private. General methods include philosophical dialectical and metaphysical methods. Common methods include general logical and scientific methods. Scientific methods are methods of cognitive activity, which are used in all scientific fields. They differ by its manifestations in separate research systems. So, for example, an experiment in the natural sciences and in the knowledge of social reality has radically distinctive features, nevertheless they were reflected in all areas of science. General logical methods are specific techniques of cognitive activity, which apply to any process of knowledge, including knowledge of the ordinary, scientific knowledge, and even nonscientific cognitive activity. These include the analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction. But private methods include the methods of the individual sciences, developed specifically for these or those scientific knowledge systems. In the second case, the methods are classified strictly according to scientific areas natural sciences, mathematics, engineering, medical, social, and humanitarian. In the third case the methods of practical and theoretical knowledge levels are highlighted. Dedicated for various reasons in the classification, all methods of scientific knowledge are intertwined. A system of methods is developed in the process of the development of any science. In this paper we analyze this fact in the development of scientific knowledge.