Kəlamda məzmun və metod baxımından yenilənmə hərəkatı (yeni elmi-kəlam dövrü) Renewal Movements in Kalam from Content and Method Perspectives (New Scientific Kalam Period) Обновление содержания и методов в калам (новый научный период)

The article is dedicated to the renovation process in Muslim theology that known as a new ilmi kalam. In the second half of the 19th and at the beginning of the 20th centuries the intellectual trends that appeared in the West began to spread in Muslim world. With the influences of these trends, the expectations of renovation emerged in the field of Kalam (Islamic Theology). The representatives of new Islamic theology argued that traditional kalam could not respond to the challenges of scientific materialism, and therefore there was a need to a new ilmi kalam whose methods and presuppositions must conform to contemporary needs. In this period, the intellectual trends that arose in the West such as Materialism, Positivism, Darwinism and Atheism included thoughts incongruous with Islamic basic beliefs. For Islamic theology has two functions: firstly, explaining Islamic belief correctly to the people; and secondly, protecting Islamic belief from the assault of doubts.